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Uriya
Waa iskudhis organic ah oo ka kooban kaarboon, nitrogen, oxygen iyo hydrogen, waa mid ka mid ah iskudhisyada organic ugu fudud, waana wax soo saarka ugu muhiimsan ee nitrogen-ka kooban ee dheef-shiid kiimikaadka borotiinka iyo burburka naasleyda iyo kalluunka qaar, iyo urea waxaa lagu farsameeyaa ammonia iyo carbon. dioxide ee warshadaha ku jira xaalado gaar ah.
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Ammonium bicarbonate
Ammonium bicarbonate waa iskudhis cad, granular, saxan ama kiristaalo columnar, ur ammonia.Ammonium bicarbonate waa nooc ka mid ah carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate waxay leedahay ammonium ion oo ku jira caanaha kiimikada, waa nooc ka mid ah milixda ammonium, iyo cusbada ammonium-ka lama isku dari karo alkali, markaa ammonium bicarbonate waa in aan la isku raacin sodium hydroxide ama calcium hydroxide. .
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Formic acid
dareere aan midab lahayn oo leh ur xun.Formic acid waa electrolyte daciif ah, mid ka mid ah alaabta ceeriin ee kiimikada organic aasaasiga ah, si weyn loogu isticmaalo cayayaanka, maqaarka, midabada, daawooyinka iyo warshadaha caaga ah.Formic acid waxaa si toos ah loogu isticmaali karaa farsamaynta dharka, maqaar maqaar, daabacaadda dharka iyo dheehidda iyo kaydinta quudinta cagaaran, iyo sidoo kale waxaa loo isticmaali karaa sida wakiilka daaweynta dusha biraha, caag kaabayaal ah iyo dareere warshadaha.
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Fosfooraska acid
Aashitada inorganic acid ee caadiga ah, fosfooraska acid ma fududa in la kiciyo, ma fududa in la dumiyo, ku dhawaad ma jiro oksaydhyo, oo leh caamka acid, waa asiidh daciif ah oo ternary ah, aysiidhkeedu wuu ka daciifsan yahay hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, laakiin ka xoog badan acetic acid, boric acid, iwm.
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Potassium Carbonate
Walax aan organic, milmay sida budo crystalline cad, milmay biyaha, alkaline in xal aqueous, aan milmin ee ethanol, acetone, iyo ether.Hygroscopic xooggan, oo hawada soo gaadha waxay nuugi kartaa kaarboon laba ogsaydh iyo biyo, galay bicarbonate potassium.
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Potassium chloride
Iskudhis aan organic ahayn oo u eg milix muuqaal ah, leh crystal cad oo aad u milix badan, ur aan lahayn, iyo dhadhan aan sun ahayn.Ku milmay biyaha, ether, glycerol iyo alkali, wax yar oo ku milma ethanol, laakiin aan lagu milmin ethanol anhydrous, hygroscopic, si sahlan loo kariyo;Ku milanka biyaha ayaa si degdeg ah u kordha kororka heerkulka, oo inta badan waxay dib ugu soo noqotaa cusbada sodium si ay u sameeyaan cusbo potassium cusub.
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Sodium Dihydrogen Fosfat
Mid ka mid ah cusbada sodium ee phosphoric acid, milix aashitada inorganic, oo ku milma biyaha, ku dhawaad aan milmi karin ethanol.Sodium dihydrogen phosphate waa walxo ceeriin ah oo loogu talagalay soo saarista sodium hempetaphosphate iyo sodium pyrophosphate.Waa crystal prismatic monoclinic hufan oo aan midab lahayn oo leh cufnaanta qaraabada ah 1.52g/cm².
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Dibasic Sodium Phosphate
Waa mid ka mid ah cusbada sodium ee phosphoric acid.Waa budo cad oo deliquescent ah, oo ku milma biyaha, iyo xalka aqueous waa alkaline daciif ah.Fosfooraska disodium hydrogen waa sahlan tahay in hawada ku jirto, heerkulka qolka lagu dhejiyo hawada si ay u lumiso qiyaastii 5 biyo crystal ah si ay u sameeyaan heptahydrate, kuleyl ilaa 100 ℃ si ay u lumiyaan dhammaan biyaha kristanta ah ee walxaha anhydrous, burburka galay sodium pyrophosphate at 250 ℃.
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Ammonium sulfate
Walax aan organic ahayn, kiristaalo aan midab lahayn ama qurub cad, aan ur lahayn.Burbur ka sarreeya 280 ℃.Ku milmay biyaha: 70.6g at 0℃, 103.8g at 100 ℃.Aan ku milmin ethanol iyo acetone.Xalka 0.1mol/L aqueous wuxuu leeyahay pH 5.5.Cufnaanta qaraabo waa 1.77.Tusmada dib-u-celinta 1.521.
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Magnesium sulfate
Iskudhis ka kooban magnesium, kiimiko iyo walax qalajin oo caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo, oo ka kooban magnesium cation Mg2+ (20.19% cufka) iyo sulfate anion SO2-4.Crystalline cad oo adag, oo ku milma biyaha, aan lagu milmin ethanol.Caadi ahaan waxa la kulma qaabka fuuq-baxa MgSO4·nH2O, ee qiimayaasha n ee kala duwan ee u dhexeeya 1 iyo 11. Kan ugu caansan waa MgSO4 · 7H2O.
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Ferrous Sulfate
Ferrous sulfate waa walax aanorganic ah, kristaliin hydrate waa heptahydrate heerkulka caadiga ah, caadi ahaan loo yaqaan "cagaaran cagaaran", crystal cagaaran iftiinka, cimilada hawo qalalan, oksaydhka dusha sare ee sulfate birta aasaasiga ah ee hawada qoyan, at 56.6 ℃ si ay u noqdaan tetrahydrate, at 65 ℃ si ay u noqdaan monohydrate.Ferrous sulfate waxay ku milmi kartaa biyaha waxayna ku dhowdahay inaan lagu milmin ethanol.Xalkeeda aqueous ayaa si tartiib ah hawada ugu oksaydhsiiya marka ay qabowdahay, oo si degdeg ah oksidizes marka uu kulul yahay.Ku darida alkali ama iftiinka iftiinka waxay soo dedejin kartaa oksaydhkeeda.Cufnaanta qaraabada ah (d15) waa 1.897.
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Ammonium chloride
Ammonium cusbada ee hydrochloric acid, inta badan ka-soo-saarka warshadaha alkali.Nitrojiinka ku jira 24% ~ 26%, caddaan ama wax yar oo huruud ah ama octahedral crystals yar yar, budada iyo granular laba nooc oo qiyaas ah, granular ammonium chloride ma fududa in la nuugo qoyaan, fududahay in la kaydiyo, iyo ammonium chloride budada ah ayaa loo isticmaalaa sida aasaasiga ah. bacriminta soo saarista bacriminta isku dhafan.Waa bacriminta aashitada jireed, taas oo aan lagu marsan ciidda acidic ah iyo ciidda saliin-alkali sababtoo ah koloriin badan, waana inaan loo isticmaalin bacriminta abuurka, bacriminta seedling ama bacriminta caleenta.
