Waa maxay waxyaabaha ugu muhiimsan ee saabuunta dharka?

1.Waxyaabaha firfircoon

Maaddooyinka firfircooni waa maaddooyinka door nadiifinta ka ciyaara saabuunta.Tani waa nooc ka mid ah walxaha loo yaqaan 'surfactants'.Doorkeedu waa inuu daciifiyo isku-xidhka u dhexeeya wasakhda iyo dharka.Saabuunta dharka lagu dhaqo waa in ay ka kooban tahay maaddooyin firfircoon oo ku filan haddii ay rabto in la gaaro saameyn wanaagsan oo sun-saarid ah.Si loo hubiyo saameynta dhaqidda saabuunta dharka, qaddarka maaddooyinka firfircoon ee saabuunta dharka lagu dhaqo waa inaysan ka yarayn 13% ka dib marka budada dhaqidda lagu shubo mashiinka dharka lagu dhaqo, dusha sare ayaa ku dheggan.Isla mar ahaantaana, qaybta hydrophilic ee jidhku waxay soo celisaa dufan waxayna daciifisaa nooca soo jiidashada intermolecular ee isku haya molecules biyaha (isku mid ah soo jiidashada samaynta tubbada biyaha, kuwaas oo u dhaqma sida haddii ay ku duuban yihiin filim laastikada ah), taas oo u oggolaanaysa shakhsiga. molecules si ay u galaan dusha sare iyo walxaha wasakhda ah ee u baahan in la nadiifiyo.Sidaa darteed, waxaa la dhihi karaa in hoos u dhigista tamarta walxaha firfircoon ee dusha sare ama xoqitaanka gacanta ay keeni karto in laga saaro walxaha wasakhda ah ee ku wareegsan molecules firfircoon ee dusha sare, iyo walxaha wasakhda ah ayaa laga saaraa iyada oo walxaha lipophilic ay ku xayiran yihiin shayga inta lagu jiro marxaladda luqluqadda.